LÅB-VISUALS

Lab Bench

Over last decades neuromodulation applications went beyond expectations and demonstrated that it can promote restoration after complete spinal cord injury, stroke and other conditions, besides already known effect on movement disorders.

We are studying the effects noninvasive and invasive stimulation on multiple pre-clinical models and extending the clinical research to inform sensitive neurophysiological assessment in selection of responsive to neuromodulation subjects and improve optimization of neurostimulation protocols. With the goal to cover the key principles of neuromodulation and neuronal repair, these efforts leading to the development of novel paradigms for prevention and treatment of SCI, neuropathic pain, for movement disorders, and other neurological conditions.

Neuromodulation

Neuromodulation of the brain circuitry was successfully applied to treat movement disorders, psychiatric diseases, epilepsy, and many others.

Neuromodulation of the spinal cord helps to treat chronic pain and improve functions after spinal cord injury.

Clinical neuromodulation teams include neurosurgeons, neurologists, electrophysiologists, and other physicians who together coordinate optimal treatment strategy.

Basics of Spinal Cord Stimulation for SCI

Spinal Cord Injury & Central Pattern Generators (CPGs)

Lavrov & Cheng, 2004 Activation of NMDA receptors is required for the initiation and maintenance of walking-like activity in the mudpuppy.
Lavrov & Cheng, 2008 Methodological optimization of applying neuroactive agents for the study of locomotor-like activity in the mudpuppies.
Lavrov et al., 2016 Gap Junctions Contribute to the Regulation of Walking-Like Activity in the Adult Mudpuppy

Epidural Electrical Stimulation & Intraspinal Electrical Stimulation

Gerasimneko et al., 2001 Initiation of locomotor activity in spinalized cats by epidural stimulation of the spinal cord
Lavrov et al., 2015 Activation of spinal locomotor circuits in the decerebrated cat by spinal epidural and/or intraspinal electrical stimulation
Shah & Lavrov, 2017 Spinal Epidural Stimulation Strategies: Clinical Implications of Locomotor Studies in Spinal Rats

Basics of Neurorehabilitation

Edgerton et al., 2007 Training locomotor networks
Ichiyama et al., 2008 Step training reinforces specific spinal locomotor circuitry in adult spinal rats
Courtine et al., 2009 Transformation of nonfunctional spinal circuits into functional states after the loss of brain input
Shah et al., 2012 Variability in step training enhances locomotor recovery after a spinal cord injury

Spinal Cord Stimulation for Neuroprosthetics

Mikhaylov et al., 2020 Neurohybrid Memristive CMOS-Integrated Systems for Biosensors and Neuroprosthetics
Shah & Lavrov, 2017 Spinal Epidural Stimulation Strategies: Clinical Implications of Locomotor Studies in Spinal Rats
Gad et al., 2012 Forelimb EMG-based trigger to control an electronic spinal bridge to enable hindlimb stepping after a complete spinal cord lesion in rats
Nandra et al., 2011 Parylene-based microelectrode array implant for spinal cord stimulation in rats
Rodger et al., 2007 High-Density Flexible Parylene-Based Multielectrode Arrays for Retinal and Spinal Cord Stimulation